Tutorial Proggraming Free

tutorial - How to recover deleted pictures and Video files

PhotoRec is file data recovery software designed to recover lost files including video, documents and archives from Hard Disks and CDRom and lost pictures (thus, its 'Photo Recovery' name) from digital camera memory. PhotoRec ignores the filesystem and goes after the underlying data, so it will still work even if your media's filesystem has been severely damaged or re-formatted.

PhotoRec is free, this open source multi-platform application is distributed under GNU Public License. PhotoRec is a companion program to TestDisk, an app for recovering lost partitions on a wide variety of filesystems and making non-bootable disks bootable again.

For more safety, PhotoRec uses read-only access to handle the drive or memory support you are about to recover lost data from. Important: As soon as a pic or file is accidentally deleted, or you discover any missing, do NOT save any more pics or files to that memory device or hard disk drive; otherwise you may overwrite your lost data. This means that even using PhotoRec, you must not choose to write the recovered files to the same partition they were stored on.

PhotoRec searches for known file headers. If there is no data fragmentation, which is often the case, it can recover the whole file. Photorec recognises numerous file format including ZIP, Office, PDF, HTML, JPEG and various graphics file formats. The whole list of file formats recovered by PhotoRec contains more than 180 file extensions (about 100 file famillies).

Installation:
OpenSuse 11.1 user can use "1-click" installer to install PhtoRec - here

After sucessfull installation go to terminall and fire command: PhtoRec to open the PhtoRec console, you need to be "root" to use PhtoRec

Below are the few screen shots on how to use and recover files using PhtoRec, it's an menu driven and see to figure out the options

1) The first screen when you execute the PhtoRec

2) Here is the screen shorts of PhtoRec while recovering the deleted files from the specified partition and copying the files back to a configured directory

Refer here for more details and options to use photoRec

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source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/135781757113046.html

tutorial - How to recover/repair lost/damage partitions - OpenSuse

TestDisk is a powerful free data recovery software! It was primarily designed to help recover lost partitions and/or make non-booting disks bootable again when these symptoms are caused by faulty software, certain types of viruses or human error (such as accidentally deleting a Partition Table). Partition table recovery using TestDisk is really easy.

TestDisk can:
    * Fix partition table, recover deleted partition
    * Recover FAT32 boot sector from its backup
    * Rebuild FAT12/FAT16/FAT32 boot sector
    * Fix FAT tables
    * Rebuild NTFS boot sector
    * Recover NTFS boot sector from its backup
    * Fix MFT using MFT mirror
    * Locate ext2/ext3 Backup SuperBlock
    * Undelete files from FAT, NTFS and ext2 filesystem
    * Copy files from deleted FAT, NTFS and ext2/ext3 partitions.

TestDisk has features for both novices and experts. For those who know little or nothing about data recovery techniques, TestDisk can be used to collect detailed information about a non-booting drive which can then be sent to a tech for further analysis. Those more familiar with such procedures should find TestDisk a handy tool in performing onsite recovery.

Installation:
OpenSuse 11.1 user can use "1-click" installer to install testdesk - here
After sucessfull installation go to terminall and fire command: testdesk to open the testdesk console, you need to be "root" to use deskdesk

Below are the few screen shots on how to use teskdesk, it's an menu driven and see to figure out the options

1) The first screen when you execute the testdesk

2) Here is the screen shorts after teskdest done with the analyzing the disk partition structure for any kind of errors

Refer here for more details and options to use deskdesk

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/135781757117390.html

tutorial - Upgrade to KDE 4.2.1

March 4th, 2009. The KDE Community announced the immediate availability of "Cream", (a.k.a KDE 4.2.1), another bugfix and maintenance update for the latest generation of the most advanced and powerful free desktop. Cream is a monthly update to KDE 4.2. It ships with desktop workspace and many cross-platform applications such as administration programs, network tools, educational applications, utilities, multimedia software, games, artwork, web development tools and more. KDE's award-winning tools and applications are available in more than 50 languages.

Installation/Upgrade

Fedora KDE 4.2.1 packages are available:

* Fedora 10
* Fedora 9

Kubuntu packages are included in the upcoming "Jaunty" (9.04) and also made available as updates for the stable 8.10 ("Intrepid"). More details can be found in the announcement on Kubuntu.org.

Mandriva provide packages for 2009.0 i586 2009.0 x86_64
Please refer to README to more information and how to install debug packages to provide upstream developers proper information in case you desire help KDE improving. For Mandriva Cooker ( development ) users, 4.2.1 is fully available at cooker repositories.

openSUSE packages are available for openSUSE 11.1 (one-click install), for openSUSE 11.0 (one-click install) and for openSUSE 10.3 (one-click install). A KDE Four Live CD with these packages is also available.

KDE is a very large project and depends on people volunteering time, code, money, and energy to keep it going. If you are interested in supporting KDE in any way, please read the Supporting KDE page.

KDE is available for free and will always be available for free, including each and every line of its source code for everyone to modify and distribute. If you enjoy and use KDE please consider supporting the KDE Project financially. KDE is in constant need of funds in order to finance its operations.

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/135781757111694.html

tutorial - What is Btrfs?

Btrfs (B-tree FS or "Butter FS") is a new copy on write filesystem for Linux aimed at implementing advanced features while focusing on fault tolerance, repair and easy administration. Initially developed by Oracle, Btrfs is licensed under the GPL and open for contribution from anyone.

Linux has a wealth of filesystems to choose from, but we are facing a number of challenges with scaling to the large storage subsystems that are becoming common in today's data centers. Filesystems need to scale in their ability to address and manage large storage, and also in their ability to detect, repair and tolerate errors in the data stored on disk.

The main Btrfs features include:
  * Extent based file storage (2^64 max file size)
  * Space efficient packing of small files
  * Space efficient indexed directories
  * Dynamic inode allocation
  * Writable snapshots
  * Subvolumes (separate internal filesystem roots)
  * Object level mirroring and striping
  * Checksums on data and metadata (multiple algorithms available)
  * Compression
  * Integrated multiple device support, with several raid algorithms
  * Online filesystem check
  * Very fast offline filesystem check
  * Efficient incremental backup and FS mirroring
  * Online filesystem defragmentation

Read here for Btrfs Performance Analysis

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/13578175716971.html

tutorial - Smart Home with LinuxMCE

LinuxMCE is a free, open source add-on to Kubuntu including a 10' UI, complete whole-house media solution with pvr + distributed media, and the most advanced smarthome solution available. It is stable, easy to use, and requires no knowledge of Linux and only basic computer skills.

Features:

Smart Home
• Home Automation: Control lighting, climate, security, camera surveillance, and more
• Communication: Phone system with auto-attendant, voice mail, call forwarding/routing for VOIP and POTS lines
• Security: Uses your existing home alarm, surveillance cameras, lights, phones and tv's to notify you on your mobile phone of any security alerts with the option of reseting the alarm or broadcasting your voice in the house over the tv's

Media & Entertainment
• 3D alpha-blended GUI optimized for displaying on a TV and using a remote control
• Media browser presenting all content on all devices in the home on a 3D rotating cube
• Plug-and-play detection and aggregation of network storage and DMA's
• Built-in NAS providing centralized backup and whole-house media server
• "Follow Me" Media, each family member's media follows him/her through the house
• Automatically controls all existing av devices, like TV's, Stereo's, etc.)
• Many control options: mobile phone, webpad, pda, phone

Check here for dowload instructions - here
Check here for screenshots and video demo.

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/135781757115175.html

tutorial - How to verify that a package (rpm) has not been corrupted or tampered

If you wish to verify that a package has not been corrupted or tampered with, examine only the md5sum by typing the following command at a shell prompt (where is the file name of the RPM package):

rpm -K --nosignature

e.g) # rpm -K --nosignature amarok-1.4.10-26.1.i586.rpm
amarok-1.4.10-26.1.i586.rpm: sha1 md5 OK

The message : md5 OK is displayed. This brief message means that the file was not corrupted by the download. To see a more verbose message, replace -K with -Kvv in the command.

# rpm -Kvv --nosignature amarok-1.4.10-26.1.i586.rpm

D: Expected size: 3243261 = lead(96)+sigs(772)+pad(4)+data(3242389)

D: Actual size: 3243261

amarok-1.4.10-26.1.i586.rpm:

Header SHA1 digest: OK (36ec55a4b71ed8f444961591529356d91c7301a8)

MD5 digest: OK (2f02fb879d6a4968f4cc3d403d0d0e2d)

D: May free Score board((nil))

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/135781757113771.html

tutorial - Spam Filtering using Procmail & SpamAssassin

When Procmail is used in conjunction with SpamAssassin. When used together, these two applications can quickly identify spam emails, and sort or destroy them.

SpamAssassin uses header analysis, text analysis, blacklists, a spam-tracking database, and self-learning Bayesian spam analysis to quickly and accurately identify and tag spam.

The easiest way for a local user to use SpamAssassin is to place the following line near the top of the ~/.procmailrc file:

INCLUDERC=/etc/mail/spamassassin/spamassassin-default.rc

The /etc/mail/spamassassin/spamassassin-default.rc contains a simple Procmail rule that activates SpamAssassin for all incoming email. If an email is determined to be spam, it is tagged in the header as such and the title is prepended with the following pattern:

*****SPAM*****

Since SpamAssassin is a Perl script, it may be necessary on busy servers to use the binary SpamAssassin daemon (spamd) and client application (spamc). To start the spamd daemon, type the following command as root: /sbin/service spamassassin start and make sure the spamassassin is set to autostart at booting time

To configure Procmail to use the SpamAssassin client application instead of the Perl script, place the following line near the top of the ~/.procmailrc file. For a system-wide configuration, place it in /etc/procmailrc:

INCLUDERC=/etc/mail/spamassassin/spamassassin-spamc.rc

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/13578175717166.html

tutorial - How to configure DHCP Client

To configure a DHCP client manually, modify the /etc/sysconfig/network file to enable networking and the configuration file for each network device in the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts directory. In this directory, each device should have a configuration file named ifcfg-eth0, where eth0 is the network device name.

The /etc/sysconfig/network file should contain the following line:

NETWORKING=yes

The /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 file should contain the following lines:

DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
ONBOOT=yes

A configuration file is needed for each device to be configured to use DHCP.

Other options
PEERDNS=, where is one of the following:
yes — Modify /etc/resolv.conf with information from the server. If using DHCP, then yes is the default.
no — Do not modify /etc/resolv.conf.

USERCTL=, where is one of the following:
yes — Non-root users are allowed to control this device.
no — Non-root users are not allowed to control this device.

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/13578175712081.html

tutorial - How to use Aptitude on Ununtu

Aptitude is a terminal-based package manager that can be used instead of apt-get. Aptitude marks packages that are automatically installed and removes them when no packages depend on them. This makes it easy to remove applications completely. To use Aptitude, replace apt-get with aptitude in the command line. Example:

sudo aptitude install packagename
sudo aptitude remove packagename
sudo aptitude update
sudo aptitude upgrade

For an ncurses-based graphical user interface, type sudo aptitude
For more information, see the aptitude documentation.

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/13578175714144.html

tutorial - How to install a Ubuntu package from source code

Make sure you have all the necessary development tools (i.e. libraries, compilers, headers):

sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-`uname -r`

Note: "uname -r" lists the current kernel you are using

Extract the archive that contains the source files: tar xvf sourcefilesarchive.tar.gz

Build the package using the package's script (in this case the configure script), compile the package (make), and install the compiled package into your system (make install):

cd /path/to/extracted/sourcefiles
./configure
sudo make
sudo make install

If you get a "permission denied" error when trying to execute the binary, this means that the file is not marked as being executable. To fix this: sudo chmod +x filename

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/13578175714641.html

tutorial - How to Convert .cue and .bin files into an .iso file

bchunk converts a CD image in a ".bin / .cue" format (sometimes ".raw / .cue") to a set of .iso and .cdr tracks. The bin/cue format is used by some non-Unix cd-writing software, but is not supported on most other cd-writing programs.

image.bin is the raw cd image file. image.cue is the track index file containing track types and offsets. basename is used for the beginning part of the created track files.

The produced .iso track contains an ISO file system, which can be mounted through a loop device on Linux systems, or written on a CD-R using cdrecord. The .cdr tracks are in the native CD audio format. They can be either written on a CD-R using cdrecord -audio, or converted to WAV (or any other sound format for that matter) using sox.

Installation on Ubuntu Intrepid: sudo apt-get install bchunk

To convert .cue and .bin files, navigate to the folder and run this command (replacing filenames with your own):
bchunk inputfilename.bin inputfilename.cue outputfilename.iso

After the file is converted into ISO you can mount it using: sudo mount -o loop outputfilename.iso /media/output
Navigate to /media/output and you should see all the content there. You can then copy it anywhere.
To unmount: sudo umount /media/output

Installation on OpenSuse: OpenSuse user can use "1-click" installer to install bchunk
OpenSuSe 11.1 - here
OpenSuSe 11.0 - here

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/13578175716348.html

tutorial - Install all different kinds of browsers on Ununtu

Mozilla Firefox
Mozilla Firefox is the ubiquitous web browser. Based on open source components, it is trademarked and cannot be altered or re-distributed with any change that involves the name or trademarks. Install the current version: sudo apt-get install firefox

IceCat
GNU IceCat, formerly known as GNU IceWeasel, is a web browser distributed by the GNU Project. IceCat, which is made entirely of free software, is a fork of Mozilla Firefox. It is compatible with the GNU/Linux operating system. Install the current version: sudo apt-get install iceape-browser

SeaMonkey
The SeaMonkey project is a community effort to develop the SeaMonkey all-in-one internet application suite (see below). Such a software suite was previously made popular by Netscape and Mozilla, and the SeaMonkey project continues to develop and deliver high-quality updates to this concept. Containing an Internet browser, email & newsgroup client, HTML editor, IRC chat and web development tools, SeaMonkey is sure to appeal to advanced users, web developers and corporate users. Install the current version: sudo apt-get install seamonkey

IceApe
IceApe is an open source Internet suite, based upon the defunct Mozilla Suite (now itself folded into the SeaMonkey suite).Anyone familiar with Gecko-based Internet suites, such as the original Netscape browser/suite or Mozilla's, will feel comfortable with IceApe's interface and contents. Install the current version: sudo apt-get install iceape

Opera
Opera is a proprietary browser and internet suite (currently free on PCs) also used in some mobile devices and gaming consoles. It includes email, an address book, IRC chat, integrated BitTorrent, and webfeeds. A limited number of plugins are also available: sudo apt-get install opera

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/13578175711683.html

tutorial - Web content filtering with DansGuardian

DansGuardian provides web filtering capability, similar to NetNanny. It is useful for limitng objectionable content in publicly accessible workstations, or for filtering objectionable content for younger users. It integrates with ClamAV, and uses several criteria for filtering websites. It can be used with Tinyproxy (best for individual users) or the Squid proxy (best for a network server).

DansGuardian features:
   * Built-in content scanner plugin system which includes AV scanning.
   * NTLM and persistent connection support.
   * Header analysis and manipulation so you can manipulate cookies
   * Large file (2GB+) download & scanning support
   * Autotools build system
   * URL regular expression replacement so you can force safe search in Google
   * Deep URL scanning to spot URLs in URLs to for example block images in Google images
   * Advanced advert blocking
   * Many performance improvements
   * Updates to handle all current web technology trends
   * Blanket SSL blocking so you can block SSL anonymous proxies and allow access to legitimate SSL sites such as banking by whitelisting

Installation on Ubuntu Interpid:
sudo apt-get install dansguardian tinyproxy
or
sudo apt-get install dansguardian squid

See these installation instructions for setup details. In brief,

Edit the dansguardian configuration file:sudo vi /etc/dansguardian/dansguardian.conf
comment out the UNCONFIGURED line:
#UNCONFIGURED

If using tinyproxy instead of Squid, change the proxyport to 8888:
proxyport 8888

Set your browser to use the localhost:8080 proxy. For example, in Firefox:
Firefox -> Edit -> Preferences -> Advanced -> Network -> Settings
Manual proxy configuration -> HTTP proxy: localhost -> Port: 8080

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/13578175719791.html

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