If you are constantly confused over the command line, and wanted to look for an easy way to tweak your Ubuntu, then Ubuntu Tweak is definitely the application for you.
Ubuntu Tweak allows you to tweak many desktop and system settings without going to the terminal. It provides a single access point for you to change some of the hidden Ubuntu settings that are not available during your default desktop installation.
UT is currently designed for Ubuntu GNOME desktop only.
Elisa is an open source cross-platform media center connecting the Internet to an all-in-one media player.
The Elisa Media Center has many advanced features that will make your media center experience unique. It features an intuitive interface with a professional look and feel which can be easily used with a standard TV remote control.
Features: * Watch pictures with previews and animated slideshows * Watch movies and video clips * Browse music collection by artists or albums covers * Browse internet radio and picture websites * Media Browsing using Cover flow, Grid view, List view, Drag-and-drop * Audio visualization during playback * Supports all media formats using Gstreamer multimedia framework * Autodetection of media on your network that includes: Network Drives Rhythmbox iTunes Windows Mediaplayer iPods, cameras USB hard drives * Flickr integration and basic browsing * YouTube integration and basic browsing * Shoutcast integration and basic browsing * Remote control support * TouchScreen Support * Samba & UPnP and DAAP shares * Automatic updates of plugins and core * Themes
Installation: OpenSuse user can use 1 click installer - here from Packman which supports openSUSE 11.0/10.3/10.2. This will download the elisa YaSt Metapackage (YMP) file and launch YaST Package manager for installation.
For Ubuntu: Add the following line in /etc/apt/sources.list: deb http://elisa.fluendo.com/packages gutsy main
Setup and Configuration: Thanks to the distro-specific packages provided by Fluendo, installation is simple for the majority of users. On launch, Elisa looks for the configuration file ~/.elisa/elisa.conf. If it does not find one (and it won't the first time you run Elisa), it creates a skeleton elisa.conf file that you can then edit in any text editor.
The important options to customize are the locations in which Elisa will look for media. The default elisa.conf specifies ./sample_data/movies, ./sample_data/music, and ./sample_data/pictures -- directories that do not even exist inside ~./elisa/.
You can add as many locations as you like. Just scroll down in the file to find each list. To configure movie directory, for example, look for the line [plugins.movies]. Beneath it is a line reading locations = ['file://./sample_data/movies/*'] -- change this to point to a directory on your own system, such as locations = ['file:///home/yourusername/movies/*']. If you have multiple directories, separate them with commas: locations = ['file:///home/yourusername/movies/*', 'file:///home/yourusername/tvshows/*'].
You are not limited to file:// URLs, either -- network shares are accessible via other standard protocols, from smb:// or nfs:// to http://. When you have made the appropriate changes to the [plugins.movies], [plugins.music], and [plugins.pictures] sections, save elisa.conf and restart Elisa.
Sometimes, if an Ubuntu installation goes wrong, or a Windows bootloader overwrites MBR and doesn't recognise the Linux installation, we have to restore our GRUB bootloader
we boot the Live CD, we choose the first option and in a few minutes we have arrived at the Live CD Desktop.
So, we go : Applications --> Accessories --> Terminal
Then, we have to remember which is our Ubuntu installation partition.
In our example, it is the second one (/dev/sda2), formatted as ext3, in the first HDD of a SATA controller. We suppose that it is the second one, since, in case we have Windows that demand to be in the first partition (/dev/sda1), this one is occupied.
Now, you have to be really careful. You have to enter the right partition, instead of sda2 (unless it is the same) In the terminal :
cd /
sudo -s -H
mount -t ext3 /dev/sda2 /mnt
mount -t proc proc /mnt/proc
mount -t sysfs sys /mnt/sys
mount -o bind /dev /mnt/dev
chroot /mnt /bin/bash
And now, you are actually "running" Ubuntu within the Hard Drive but through Live CD's terminal.
Now we restore GRUB like that:
1) Restoration to MBR
grub-install /dev/sda
2) Restoration to partition (example: /dev/sda2)
grub-install /dev/sda2
In the first case (that is the most usual) you have certainly installed GRUB on MBR after you receive, in the terminal, the message that there are no errors.
After you reboot, you have your favorite bootloader restored.
Tunable TCP settings can be found on /proc/sys/net/ipv4 . Here are the details of few of them.
tcp_keepalive_probes : Number of KEEPALIVE probes tcp sends out, until the server decides that the connection is broken.
tcp_keepalive_time : This value shows how often tcp sends out KEEPALIVE messages. The default is 7200 (2 hours).
tcp_syn_retries : Number of times initial SYNs for a TCP connection attempt will be retransmitted. This value should not be more than 255. This is only the timeout for outgoing connections.
tcp_retries1 : This defines how often an answer to a TCP connection request is retransmitted before it gives up. This is only the timeout for incoming connections.
tcp_fin_timeout : The length of time (in seconds) TCP takes to receive a final FIN before the socket is always closed. This is required to prevent DoS attacks
You can change the values by updating the files in /proc/sys/net/ipv4 or sysctl . To make it permanent add it to /etc/sysctl.conf. Below are the default values of these parameters, you can change these values to suite your requirement.
openSUSE 11.0 is based on the Linux kernel version 2.6.25 and provides a cornucopia of features. If you choose to download the full DVD, you can expect a whopping 4.5 GBs for the iso-format file. Other options include a Live CD and over the network. The good news is that you can use a BitTorrent client to get the iso file.
So what differentiates openSUSE from Novell's other distributions, namely SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop (SLED) and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES)? To quote from the openSUSE FAQ:
"openSUSE, created and maintained by the openSUSE project, is a stable, integrated Linux operating system that includes the latest open source packages for desktop productivity, multimedia, Web-hosting, networking infrastructure and application development. It contains everything you need to get started with Linux and is ideal for individuals who wish to use Linux on their personal workstations or to drive their home networks."
"Novell refines and enhances openSUSE to create a hardened and supported suite of enterprise Linux products suitable for data center deployments, edge server deployments, business desktops, and business infrastructure deployment."
Novell markets the SLED and SLES products at organizations looking for a fully hardened and supported Linux distribution. They also include some products that can't be shipped with the openSUSE distribution. Novell chose the GNOME desktop to base its SLED product around for a number of reasons, not the least of which was the influence of Miguel de Icaza and Nat Friedman. The Mono project is also tightly coupled with GNOME and gives Novell a strong application development and porting base to offer enterprise customers.
Today after log time I was running compiz under Gnome (OpenSuse 11) to impress my wife :) and fired up VLC to play a movie and oops -- VLC din't show up any video and was only playing the audio part of the movie.
So, If you are facing similar issue then follow this ....
Open VLC preference settings: Go to Settings --> Preferences
From the preference window go to Video --> Output modules and select the "Advance option" and select the video output module as "X11 Video Output" from the drop down
Save the settings and restart VLC and now you should able to see the video under compiz.
The netstat -nr command will provide the contents of the touting table. Networks with a gateway of 0.0.0.0 are usually directly connected to the interface. No gateway is needed to reach your own directly connected interface, so a gateway address of 0.0.0.0 seems appropriate. The route with a destination address of 0.0.0.0 is your default gateway.
Example below:
# netstat -nr Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 172.19.12.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 172.19.12.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 Change Your Default Gateway
you'll need to update your /etc/sysconfig/network file to reflect the change. This file is used to configure your default gateway each time Linux boots.
Avant Window Navigator (AWN/Awn) is a dock-like navigation bar for the linux desktop that positions itself at the bottom of the screen. It can be used to keep track of open windows and behaves like a normal window list, something like ...
Requirement:
1. your system should support Compositing (using AIGLX or XGL). In openSUSE 11.0 AIGLX compositing is enabled by default.
2. Make suere Compositing is enabled. To verify this
Things are always simple in Linux, it's just a mater to know them to do it.
There may be a case where you want to kick start a particular application or script as soon as you login into your Gnome desktop. For example I want to run "Avant Window Navigator" every time I login into my Gnome.
Here is the way to do this....
Go to Gnome contor center by using command: gnome-control-center This should open up the control center from where you can manage your personal desktop settings
Now go to group "System" and select "Session" this should open up the windows where all the start up applications are listed, click on "Add" to add or browser to your application or script to get executed every time you login to Gnome
The sendmail access database file can be created to accept or reject mail from selected domains. Since "/etc/mail/access" is a database, after creating the text file, use makemap to create the database map.
Replace in the Directory above with your installed SuSE Version. Supported at this time are :
10.1 10.2 10.3 11.0
Confirm the addition.
The repository is signed with a GPG Key (gpg key C8DA93D2 fingerprint BC8D 780D E330 8581 B2E0 7085 33DE 8FB7 C8DA 93D2). Accept this key in YaST and it will warn you in case there is something suspect with the repository. Accept everything by clicking Finish.
Installation
Go to Software Management and enter VLC in the searchbox and search for it. Select it and click Accept to install it with all it's dependencies. This might require the SUSE CD or DVD.
If you want VLC's Mozilla Plugin, you have to select the vlc-mozillaplugin manually. It does not get installed by dependencies.
To piece it back you can `cat piece_file_prefix.gz.* > original.gz` 94. Determine if a network service binary is linked againt tcp wrapper, libwrap.a
$ strings -f | grep hosts_access
96. how to use tar
$ tar -cvzf fileName.tar.gz `find /file/path -mtime -1 ! -type d -print`
97.
$ tar -xvzpf fileName.tar.gz /path/to/file.txt
98. How to use tcpdump
$ tcpdump -i eth0 dst port 80 | more
99. System process status
$ top
100. View the full command line.
$ top -c
101. Create empty file of 0 byte
$ touch
102. Similar to `which` - shows full path to the command.
$ type
103. Check the limit of user
$ ulimit -a
104. Check the version of kernel running
$ uname -a
105. Update package profile with rhn
$ up2date -p
106. Install package via up2date.
$ up2date -i
107.
$ uptime
108.
$ usermod
109. Utility reports virtual memory statistics
$ vmstat [second interval] [no. of count]
110. Show who is logged on and what they are doing.
$ w
111. Periodically watch output of a command in full screen
$ watch ''
112. Run and generate the apache reports using webalizer
$ webalizer -c /path/to/webalizer.conf
113. Recursive download of a url, converting links, no parent.
$ wget -r -k -np
114. Mirror, convert links, backup original, dynamic to html and output a “logFile”.
$ wget -m -k -K -E -o [logFile]
115. Locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command.
$ whereis
116. Shows the full path of command.
$ which
117. Show who is logged on.
$ who
118. Yum package updates
$ yum check-update -- check to see what updates are needed $ yum info -- show basic information about a package $ yum update -- update particular package
119. Control jobs:
$ Ctrl-z -- suspend foreground job $ jobs -- list jobs $ bg -- send job to background $ fg -- bring job to foreground
In order to have the latest Firefox running on your box, you need to add a repository to your system so that whenever a new version of Firefox is released we can simply upgrade it without any pain.
1) Add the Firefox repository (goto): Yast -- Software -- Software Repositories Repository Name (A description that is meaningful to you) Type:HTTP Server:download.opensuse.org Directory on Server: /repositories/mozilla/openSUSE_11.0/
click OK, then (optionally) Refresh Now, then Finish. Now, you can update Firefox the same way you update openSUSE
2) Installation Now got to Yast -- Software -- Software Management and search for firefox
Click on "Accept" to start with the installation of Latest firefox release. After successful installation, check the firefox version to confirm
Now, whenever there is a new firefox release, just refresh the repository, search for firefox and upgrade it, easy
