Tutorial Proggraming Free

tutorial - Keep control of computer usage - Parental controls

timekpr will track and control the computer usage of your user accounts. You can limit their daily usage based on a timed access duration and configure periods of day when they can or cannot log in. With this application, administrators can limit account login time duration or account access hours.

Installation on intrepid:
If updating, remove any prior versions: sudo dpkg --purge timekpr
Add the timekpr third-party repositories:

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/nedberg/ubuntu intrepid main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/nedberg/ubuntu intrepid main

Install: sudo apt-get install timekpr
When prompted which default display manager to use, select "kdm"
Start: System -> Administration -> Timekpr Control Panel

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source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/135781757118911.html

tutorial - Finally, Media Center that works on openSuSe

I tried elisa, freevo and few more in same category and none of them works straight after installation and finally tried XBMC which works like charm on OpenSuSe 11.1

XBMC, recursive acronym for “XBMC Media Center“, is an award winning free and open source software media-player and entertainment hub for all your digital media.

XBMC is a cross-platform software available for Linux, Mac OS X (Leopard, Tiger, and Apple TV), Microsoft Windows operating-system, as well as the original Xbox game-console. With translations to over 30 languages for a worldwide audience.

Superb Format and Codec support
XBMC supports a very complete spectrum of of audio and video multimedia file formats and codecs right out-of-the-box, and include features such as playlist playback, audio visualizations, picture viewing, slideshows, and weather forecast functions, RSS feed scroller on your home screen, together with a ever expanding array of community driven third-party add-ons and plugins.

Endless playback capabilities for All Types of Media
XBMC can play most audio and video file formats as well as display images at resolutions up to 1080p FullHD and over with no software limitation from virtually any source, including your local harddrive, CD/DVDs, USB flash drives, the Internet, and network shares, upscaling any lower resolutions videos to the maximum of your displays capability. XBMC can also playback DVD-Video movies with menus from ISO/IMG-images on-the-fly, even when they are in an RAR or ZIP archive. For music playback XBMC offers ReplayGain, gapless, crossfading, cue sheet, and pre-amplification playback option, as well as advanced smart playlists, and chapter support.

XBMC can download or stream Internet video and audio streams, and play Internet radio stations (such as Podcasts and SHOUTcast), and listen to your favorites and discover new music with free, streaming music from Last.fm, among others.

XBMC of course handles all common digital picture formats with the options of panning/zooming, and slideshow with “Ken Burns Effect“. XBMC also handles CBZ and CBR comic book archive files, this feature lets you view/read, browse and zoom the pictures of comics pages these contain without uncompressing them first.

Album and Cover Art
XBMC takes full advantage of Internet connection if available, Artwork is automatically fetched for posters, artwork, fanart, synopsis and reviews on movies, plot, cast and episode information for TV shows, also album covers and artist information for music.

Installation on Ubuntu intrepid:
Add these third party repositories:

deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/team-xbmc-intrepid/ubuntu intrepid main
deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/team-xbmc-intrepid/ubuntu intrepid main

Install:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install xbmc

Installation on OpenSuse- Use "1-click" installer to install XBMC

openSUSE 11.1 - here
openSUSE 11.0 - here

After successfully installation, go to console and fire command: xbmc and you should see a beautifull XBMC welcome screen.

1) Now you can add your music/video/picture collection ...

2) And for more tweak and settings ..

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/13578175719866.html

tutorial - How to Check and repair mysql tables

mysqlcheck is the command line program to check and repair mysql tables.
It performs the same functions as the check table and repair table query statements.

Examples:
# mysqlcheck bugs
This checks all of the tables in the bugs database.

# mysqlcheck bugs flags groups
This checks the flags and groups tables in the the bugs database

Using the –repair option you can repair tables using the same syntax as above.

Options to mysqlcheck to just check a table are:

–check-only-changed     Same as “check table changed” query
–extended     Same as “check table extended” query
–fast     Same as “check table fast” query
–medium-check     Same as “check table medium” query
–quick     Same as “check table quick” query

Options to mysqlcheck to repair a table are:

–repair     Same as “repair table” query
–repair –extended     Same as “repair table extended” query
–repair –quick     Same as “repair table quick” query
–repair –use-frm     Same as “repair table use_frm” query

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/03/135781757113902.html

tutorial - Encrypt-Decrypt file using OpenSSL

The OpenSSL Project is a collaborative effort to develop a robust, commercial-grade, full-featured, and Open Source toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security (TLS v1) protocols as well as a full-strength general purpose cryptography library. The project is managed by a worldwide community of volunteers that use the Internet to communicate, plan, and develop the OpenSSL toolkit and its related documentation.

OpenSSL is based on the excellent SSLeay library developed by Eric A. Young and Tim J. Hudson. The OpenSSL toolkit is licensed under an Apache-style licence, which basically means that you are free to get and use it for commercial and non-commercial purposes subject to some simple license conditions.

To encrypt a file:

$ openssl des3 -salt -in file.log -out file.des3
enter des-ede3-cbc encryption password:
Verifying - enter des-ede3-cbc encryption password:

The above will prompt for a password, or you can put it in with a -k option, assuming you’re on a trusted server.

To Decrypt: openssl des3 -d -salt -in file.des3 -out file.txt -k mypassword

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/04/13578175716337.html

tutorial - Configure YUM to exclude package upgrades

Yum is an automatic updater and package installer/remover for rpm systems. It automatically computes dependencies and figures out what things should occur to install packages.

And many times its required that when you run the system/package updates you don't want to upgrade certain package and for this just add an exclude line to the end of your [main] section in /etc/yum.conf, and you are done. Your yum.conf should look something like this:

[main]
cachedir=/var/cache/yum
keepcache=0
debuglevel=2
logfile=/var/log/yum.log
exactarch=1
obsoletes=1
gpgcheck=1
plugins=1
installonly_limit=3
exclude=gdm grub

This will prevent upgrades of the gdm and grub. The list of apps in the exclude should be space sepeated. Shell wildcards ( * ? ) can also be included.

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/04/13578175711110.html

tutorial - Monitor System Logs With Logwatch - OpenSuSe

Logwatch is a customizable log analysis system. Logwatch parses through your system's logs for a given period of time and creates a report analyzing areas that you specify, in as much detail as you require. Logwatch is easy to use and will work right out of the package on most systems.

Installation: use "1-click" installer to install logwatch
OpenSuse 11.1 - here
OpenSuSe 11.0 - here

Configuration
The default configuration can be found in /usr/share/logwatch/default.conf/logwatch.conf. Take a look around the file, but the main thing you might want to update:

MailTo = root
updates to MailTo = user.name@domain.tld

Now go to console and run command: # logwatch to see the detail output, you can also configure the crontab entry for logwatch to get the daily status mail.

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/04/13578175718345.html

tutorial - How to enable quota on OpenSuse

Quota allows System Administrator to specify limits on two aspects of disk storage: the number of inodes a user or a group of users may possess; and the number of disk blocks that may be allocated to a user or a group of users.

The idea behind quota is that users are forced to stay under their disk consumption limit, taking away their ability to consume unlimited disk space on a system. Quota is handled on a per user, per file system basis. If there is more than one file system which a user is expected to create files, then quota must be set for each file system separately.

1: To install quota: # yast2 -i quota

2: Edit /etc/fstab and add usrquota,grpquota to the mountpoints of the filesystem to which you want to enable quota (example /disk below)

# vi /etc/fstab
/dev/sda6 /disk ext3 defaults,noatime,usrquota,grpquota 0 0

3) Now go (cd) to the mount point (/disk) and create the quota files

# touch /aquota.user /aquota.group
# chmod 600 /aquota.*

4) Remount the partition: # mount -o remount /disk

5) Run the following command to initialize the quota on the /disk filesystem

# quotacheck -avugm
# quotaon -avug

The -a switch tells quotacheck to perform the check on all filesystems. The -u and -g switches tell it to check for user and group quotas. Using the -m switch means the filesystem will not be remounted as read-only.

The first time you run the quotacheck command, it will throw up several warnings because the filesystem had not been checked before.

quotacheck: Scanning /dev/sda6 [/disk] done
quotacheck: Cannot stat old user quota file: No such file or directory
quotacheck: Cannot stat old group quota file: No such file or directory
quotacheck: Cannot stat old user quota file: No such file or directory
quotacheck: Cannot stat old group quota file: No such file or directory
quotacheck: Checked 20 directories and 661 files
quotacheck: Old file not found.
quotacheck: Old file not found.

6) Your filesystems are now set up to use disk quotas. To turn them on, use the quotaon command:

# quotaon -augv
/dev/sda6 [/disk]: group quotas turned on
/dev/sda6 [/disk]: user quotas turned on

Once quotas are enabled, you can use the edquota command to limit the disk space available to users. The edquota -u username command will open up a text editor wherein you can specify the soft and hard inodes and blocks limits for a particular user. The edquota -g command can similarly be used to edit group quotas.

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/04/135781757116864.html

tutorial - Use fastest mirror for downloads - yum-fastestmirror

Fedora uses a worldwide system of mirror servers to distribute packages. When a Fedora system needs package info, packages, or updates, it will by default request a mirror list from a Fedora server. This list is generated based on the repository and architecture requested as well as the IP address of the requesting system and help locate the geographically closest mirrors. This “geographically closest” mirror is supposed to give you the fastest connection - which unfortunately is usually not the case.

The yum-fastestmirror package provides a Yum plugin which measures the speed of available mirrors and sorts the list so that priority is given to the fastest mirrors; this can result in faster yum operations and reduced network congestion -- and with no additional manual effort beyond installing the plugin.

Installing from the command line: # yum install yum-fastestmirror

One may exclude certain domains from even being listed at all by adding the following line to /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/fastestmirror.conf:
exclude=.tw, .jp

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/04/13578175714365.html

tutorial - How to check/repair (fsck) filesystem after crash or power-outage

At some point your system will crash and you need to perform a manual repair of your file system. A typical situation would be power loss while you are working on the system. You reboot and the system stops and indicates you must perform a manual repair of the system using fsck.

fsck (file system consistency check) is a command used to check filesystem for consistency errors and repair them on Linux filesystems. This tool is important for maintaining data integrity so should be run regularly, especially after an unforeseen reboot (crash, power-outage).

Usage: fsck [-sACVRTNP] [-t fs-optlist] [filesystem] [fs-specific-options]

Filesystem can be either a device's name (e.g. /dev/hda) or its mount point. fsck run with no options will check all devices in /etc/fstab. It might be neccesary to run fsck from single-user mode

Note: You need to be "root" to use any of the below mentioned command

* Take system down to runlevel one: # init 1

* Unmount file system, for example if it is /home (/dev/sda2) file system then type command:
# umount /home OR # umount /dev/sda2

* Now run fsck on the partition: # fsck /dev/sda2

* Specify the file system type using -t option: # fsck -t ext3 /dev/sda2 OR # fsck.ext3 /dev/sda2

fsck will check the file system and ask which problems should be fixed or corrected. If you don't wanna type y every time then you can use pass -y option to fsck: # fsck -y /dev/sda2

Please not if any files are recovered then they are placed in /home/lost+found directory by fsck command.

* Once fsck finished, remount the file system: # mount /home

Read man page of fsck for more information.
Make sure you replace /dev/sda2 with your actual device name.

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/04/135781757119406.html

tutorial - Safely, easily remove external USB media

Ejecter is a little tool which makes it possible to unmount external devices and eject cd-roms without having to right-click on device icon either on the desktop or in nautilus. It sits in background and shows an icon in the system tray when one or more peripherals are connected to your pc: once clicked it a window appears with the list of the devices (volume name and device type, much clearer than the similar thing available on Windows) and the related eject button.

Installation: Use "1-click" installaer to install the package
OpenSuSe 11.1 - here
OpenSuSe 11.0 - here

Ubuntu user can install Ejecter from getdeb.net
After sucessful installation: Menu: Applications -> Accessories -> Ejecter

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/04/135781757118692.html

tutorial - Protect your network from worms - PacketFence

If your network is a breeding ground for worms, PacketFence is for you. If you have no idea who connects to your network and who owns a particular computer, PacketFence is for you. If you have no way of mapping a network policy violation to a user, PacketFence is for you

PacketFence is a Free and Open Source network access control (NAC) system. PacketFence is actively maintained and has been deployed in numerous large-scale institutions over the past years. It can be used to effectively secure networks - from small to very large heterogeneous networks.

PacketFence is an open-source network access control (NAC) system which provides an impressive list of supported features. Among them, there are:

Registration
PacketFence supports an optional registration mechanism similar to "captive portal" solutions. An Acceptable Use Policy can be specified such that users cannot enable network access without first accepting it. The duration of a node registration can be a relative value (eg. "four weeks from first network access") or an absolute date (eg. "Thu Jan 20 20:00:00 EST 2009").

Detection of abnormal network activities
Abnormal network activities (computer virus, worms, spyware, etc.) can be detected using local and remote Snort sensors. Beyond simple detection, PacketFence layers its own alerting and suppression mechanism on each alert type. A set of configurable actions for each violation is available to administrators.

Proactive vulnerability scans
Nessus vulnerability scans can be performed on a scheduled or ad-hoc basis. PacketFence correlates the Nessus vulnerability ID's of each scan to the violation configuration, returning content specific web pages about which vulnerability the host may have.

Isolation of problematic devices
PacketFence supports several isolation techniques, including VLAN isolation with VoIP support (even in heterogeneous environments) for multiple switch vendors

Remediation through a captive portal
Once trapped, all HTTP, IMAP and POP sessions are terminated by the PacketFence system. Based on the nodes current status (unregistered, open violation, etc), the user is redirected to the appropriate URL. In the case of a violation, the user will be presented with removal instructions for the particular infection he/she has.
* 802.1X
802.1X is supported through a FreeRADIUS [External] module.

Wireless integration
PacketFence intregrates perfectly with wireless networks through a FreeRADIUS module. This allows you to secure your wired and wireless networks the same way.

DHCP fingerprinting
DHCP fingerprinting can be used to automatically register specific device types (eg. VoIP phones) and to disallow network access to other device types (eg. game consoles).

Installation:
RHEL/CentOS user can use rpm file to install - here

Others can use the tar file - here
untar the source file: tar -zxvf packetfence-1.8.2.tar.gz
Compile the source: ./installer.pl

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/04/13578175712410.html

tutorial - Alternative Applications for Windows, Mac and Linux

AlternativeTo is a kind of collaborative directory where you can find alternatives to any application for Windows, Mac and Linux, and if this is not enough you can also find it for online applications. Simply select the operating system which will filter the results for your search, here you can also choose from free or commercial alternatives, and then find the perfect alternative to that application.

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/04/13578175714623.html

tutorial - TUX with Command Wallpaper

Source gnomelook , wallpaperslife
Combination of these two wallpaper was done by: http://www.linuxzone.es/

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/04/135781757111799.html

tutorial - Perfect Paper Passwords - One Time Password System (OpenSuse)

Almost without exception, today's Internet users prove their identity online using a fixed account name and password. In the past, this simple system provided sufficient security. But with the growing popularity of online banking and eCommerce, the value of stealing online identities has skyrocketed. And the increasing presence and "spyware" and "malware" on innocent users' computers means that users can be "watched" while logging onto their banking and other eCommerce sites. Once their logon credentials have been "captured" and stolen, Internet criminals can easily assume their identity.

The trouble with a username and password is that they never change. We create them, write them down or memorize them, then use them over and over again. What has been needed is an inexpensive system that provides something which changes everytime it is used. GRC's Perfect Paper Passwords system offers a simple, safe and secure, free and well documented solution that is being adopted by a growing number of security-conscious Internet facilities to provide their users with state-of-the-art cryptographic logon security.

For securing SSH into your server, a PPP Pluggable Authentication Module is the best option. An open source PAM has been developed over on Google Code and is what this article uses. These instructions are adapted from the ppp-pam wiki.

Make sure you have the appropriate packages installed.

    * subversion
    * make
    * gcc
    * g++
    * libc6-dev
    * uuid-dev
    * libpam0g-dev
    * openssh-server

Download version 0.2 of the source code and save to your disk. Open a terminal window and extract the source files.

# tar -xvzf ppp-pam-0.2.tar.gz
# cd ppp-pam

Build the code

# cd build
# ../configure
# make

Install the pppauth utility and PAM module in the appropriate folders. (You will need to enter your administrator password to run the following command): # make install

Enable PPP authentication for ssh connections. The specifics here may vary depending on your linux distribution. If you find that they deviate significantly, please post a comment here.

# vi /etc/pam.d/sshd
Enter the following line just below @include common-auth
auth required pam_ppp.so

Close and save the file. Make sure you have the following settings in /etc/ssh/sshd_config:

ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes
UsePAM yes

Switch to the user account you wish to protect and create a PPP sequence key for your user account. This sequence key is the master code used to generate the OTPs: $ pppauth --key

Generate a passcard. Print or save it -- you'll need it to log in over SSH: $ pppauth --text --next 1

Try logging in to test it: $ ssh localhost

$ ssh localhost
Password:
Passcode 1B [1]:
Last login: Sat Apr 18 16:56:43 2009 from localhost
Have a lot of fun..
$

For more commands, run pppauth --help

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/04/13578175712686.html

tutorial - Installation/Configuration of Last.fm Scrobbler/Player for linux

Last.fm is a UK-based Internet radio and music community website, founded in 2002. It claims over 30 million active users based in more than 200 countries.

Using a music recommender system called "Audioscrobbler", Last.fm builds a detailed profile of each user's musical taste by recording details of all the songs the user listens to, either on the streamed radio stations, the user's computer or some portable music devices. This information is transferred to Last.fm's database ("scrobbled") via a plug in installed into the user's music player. The profile data is then displayed on the user's profile page. The site offers numerous social networking features and can recommend and play artists similar to the user's favorites.

The player allows the user to enter the name of any artist or tag which then gives a choice of a number of similar artist stations, or similar global tag stations. Alternatively, Recommendation radio or any of the user's personal radio stations may be played without the necessity to visit the website.

The player displays the name of the station and track currently playing, the song artist, title and track length as well as album details, the artist's photo and biographical details, album cover art when available, lists of similar artists and the most popular tags and top fans. There are several buttons, allowing the user to love, skip, or ban a song.

Installation:
Download the Scrobbler: here
Untar the source: tar -xvf last.fm-1.4.2.58240.src.tar
Move into the extracted directory: cd last.fm-1.4.2.58240
Fire following command to compile, build & install last.fm:

# ./configure

# make

# make install
After successful installation launch last.fm: last.fm to open up the Scrobbler/Player

source:http://linuxpoison.blogspot.com/2009/04/135781757117513.html

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